Orders of knowledge

Fast and efficient supply chain in the garment industry has created the magic zara, this issue we have invited to the two garment supply chain expert Dr. Deng Weimin and Ge stars, discuss ZARA and a domestic enterprise under a different single mode, each pros and cons of different purposes and reasons behind, and the impact on enterprise development, etc.

Dr. Deng
ZARA pursuit of quick response supply chain, orders 2 times a week, received orders to be completed within 10-14 days cycle. China currently has 60% of a company (estimated value) make up a single volume, they have not completed a single cycle, agent branch orders at any time. This fixed ratio in accordance with the rhythms of single time is not better? ZARA this pursuit of supply chain for the speed of business, why not immediately orders, wait until Monday until Friday orders. For example, there is a demand Tuesday, timely orders, it can save 3 days, why not do orders in time?

GE Star
There are several aspects to consider, the key is the pace of business operations and cost factors.

1. ZARA the speed of the supply chain, this is a relative concept. Therefore, each year sales of 200 million garments, each of the 25 products quarter of ZARA, the common rhythm is particularly important. As if set up with the words, business management will be more complex management requirements of enterprises operating on the higher, then the corresponding cost would be higher and thus a higher probability of errors; I think, ZARA sought With the goal should be to set up with, then, ZARA may have 365 products quarter / year, or 182 products quarter / years.

2. ZARA is a very low profile enterprises, which also seems to infer that this style of business operations, wanted stability. This stability is the rhythm. For rhythm, ZARA is spared no expense to the.

3. Another reason is: ZARA's global deployment of the system, the replenishment time fixed benefit products in the stores around between the deployment, reduce inventory;

4. ZARA Although the investment in fixed assets and generous, but the operating cost of control is very strict, fixed order, beneficial to consolidate orders, batch cut and batch assigned to the factory outside the agreement. Underground conveyor belt 200 km cost is high. Of course, the cost of finished products have to pay attention to bulk logistics optimization.

5. There is with the marketing strategy: an artificial shortage. Periodic replenishment, allowing the consumer firmly in mind that the week which can store two days to buy new ZARA.

Dr. Deng
My analysis and speculation is this: any company can discount the following one, the surface faster than ZARA, in fact, may not. The company's daily orders, does not mean that fast response. Their orders are:

Today set A: 1000 Shuang; tomorrow set B: 200 Shuang; acquired set C: 300 Shuang;

Each set A, may not be a "beat period" of sales, may be in the next 20 days of sales; the set of A, this season may not be re-set A. This is the risk.

ZARA's orders in accordance with the beat: a certain amount of not more than one beat, such as orders for weeks about a certain rhythm of the expected sales

Monday A50 provides dual, B20 double, Fri double set A60, B0 double, C30 double, next Monday set A50 dual; B20 double, C20 double;

This order means the risk is small.

Rapid response reflected in a small order, high frequency order; rather than the number of orders of the time. Of course, the GE satellite that is conducive to the beat with such favorable allocation, which is very important.

Under the enterprise of this unimodal There is another more serious problem: for example: Under the single-A1000 pair today, Shengchan line production of A, the A's Xiaoliang Tai Bufen yes Wei Lai, Duan Qi in only 50 pairs, but use production line to produce 1,000 pairs, taking up the production line resources; made the market much-needed production of B have the resources to production, to end the impression that the supply, capacity constraints, may lead to end the first order, in advance bulk orders (supply chain demand variability, and it risk). ZARA beat several small batches according to orders, production lines produce only the current needed (3 days), the terminal will not cause capacity nervous. High-frequency single means as splitting their production volume, the logistics of course have to cut, certainly not consolidate orders, combined transport. You are here understood backwards, the pursuit of economic quantities only loss of the supply chain, rather than economic.

This enterprise approach this next one, "human" cause shortages of other people feel is not enough capacity, so either in advance of production, or expand capacity. Decline in demand when the inventory backlog may occur, or a lot of idle capacity, a huge corporate losses, serious only to die. This is a vivid portrayal of many Chinese enterprises.

GE Star
Dr Tang, there are several information you Confirm: This enterprise is not now with the added problem with the set, their manager seems to have been to a document, is to require branch offices in the next two orders a week, seems to be Monday and Thursday, the specific time you can ask the manager.

Dr. Deng
And planning in the Department of exchange, saw their orders and to send a single data, a certain style, and ordering all office orders an average of four goods, make up a single office is 2.5 per shipment.

Of course, there is a lot, or half-piece of the replenishment. This enterprise is now able to achieve daily orders. Next week, they mentioned one problem: This requires all aspects of the operation of the terminal as well as changes in thinking, but not operational.

GE Star
Same order, purpose and reason behind is different:

1. For this enterprise, the more orders means selling goods replenishment orders, called up one of its objectives are: shops, offices, branch offices, marketing companies to deploy the Ministry done to prevent shortages prediction of the order. This is a very dangerous, very easily lead to the formation of inventory forecasting the results of amplification: store manager experience and expertise is needed to predict a number, the order number to the office, the Office of the statistical data according to each store , coupled with forecasts reported to the branch office to do the same statistics, do predict, to the deployment of the headquarters of the Department of Marketing, do a statistical forecast. After a series of statistics, forecasts, statistics, forecasts that formed after the deployment of his men to the production company and purchasing the company's replenishment orders.

Attention, these are projections of the replenishment orders is to prevent shortages caused by the various interests of the body under examination orders, inventory is the root cause of evil. Because, according to statistics, 50% of predicted time, the forecast accuracy will increase by 50%. This is why the reasons for the forecast period should be shortened.

2. As for ZARA, the orders are new orders, not selling goods replenishment orders. The aim is to satisfy customer demand is for the consumer, not the stores. Its information system to support orders issued and star-shaped aggregate model, rather than a summary of pyramid model, coupled with the short time prediction, the accuracy of pressure on small stocks.

Dr. Deng
You mentioned that the problem is fundamental, the Office is aggregated, not the dealer or end direct orders. The reality of an enterprise from the operation of the domestic point of view, the merger is necessary.







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Five-stroke input method is not just pole

I believe a lot of friends with a pole in the five-stroke input method, and very often we are only using it for text entry, in fact, as a free five-stroke input method, pole five-stroke input method 5.0 added a number of original distinctive feature, the following Jiugen I look!

Dictionary functions

We use the pole stroke input method can query words in the dictionary meaning, pronunciation and so on. First selected in use to query terms, then click the pole five-stroke input method of the status bar on the "magnifying glass" button on the pop-up "pole query" window to see the corresponding text Wubi code Chinese pronunciation and word meaning, and this other than calling Kingsoft software faster. In addition, we can in the "pole query" window in the input box enter the query text, click the "Search" button to get search results.






Using the command

Pole Wubi provides a rich command operations, skilled application can greatly improve our efficiency. I just throw the following two examples: Right-click the pole five-stroke input method of the title bar, select "Administrative Tools" sub menu under "User code table" command, in the "file $ f [auto] c: autoexec.bat" Enter "dizi $ F [Address] d: Mailing address. TXT", click "Save Exit" menu item to exit the editor (Figure 2). Just type in the future dizi, select "[mailing address]", you can easily call the "correspondence address. TXT" content, and no longer need to bother to copy, paste. This function is often fixed in the text input for the content of my friends was so useful.






Right-click the pole stroke input method of the title bar, select "Administrative Tools" sub menu under "User code table" command, is still "file $ f [auto] c: autoexec.bat" added under "zhaopian $ P [I photo] d: my photos. BMP ", click" Save Exit "menu item Exit edit. Later in Word or other text editing software to insert "My Photos", enter "zhaopian", select the "My Photos", you can directly insert the corresponding image of the software. In fact, everyone can realize their quick command mode operation, we hastened to try it!







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Life difficult for PC industry in 2009, will welcome the first decline since 2001

PC industry, sad days of 2009, is expected to usher in the first decline since 2001

Since the computer industry, or will mark the first decline since 2001. The latest analysis, IDC believes that this year more and more evidence that the unexpected downturn in some markets have also been affected, even in the past as a major engine of growth in some emerging markets are also struggling. In addition, global PC sales growth of 4% this year, the goal may not be achieved, while the third quarter of 2008, PC industry also achieved a 12% increase.

"From the fourth quarter of last year's data shows that the financial crisis impact on the PC industry is expected to decline more severe than the original." Gartner principal hardware China Ye Lei, an analyst told the "First Financial Daily", the main characteristics: first, the time has come earlier, and second, even larger decline.

Ye Lei informed in the survey, major manufacturers have developed a more conservative compared to the 2008 plan, and actively promote a variety of sales channels, and control expenses in order to increase investment when markets reverse.

Contraction of business organizations and individual consumers control of the replacement cycle, have caused great impact on the PC industry, so that the IT industries downstream of the confidence index has dropped to the lowest point since 2001. Lenovo, Founder, etc. within the person interviewed, said, the manufacturers are now on the market trends in 2009 are skeptical, do not know when to reach the bottom, do not know when to reverse.

"PC industry needs or, only temporarily because of economic recession curbed demand." Ye Lei that, once the economic situation improves, re-drum up market confidence, there may be a peak industry people by surprise, and now major manufacturers are waiting and watching and waiting for an opportunity.







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Professional human resources workers 132 Tool - factors into account point method

Factors into account point method (point method) is a complex quantitative job evaluation techniques. It requires determining: a. multiple pay elements, each element should be divided into several levels; b. the level of these factors are the realities of the work. Therefore, if your job includes five levels, and assumes that each position to determine the different points each level value, then, as long as the average remuneration of the post elements identified by the Commission (and responsibility) of the level, you can each pay elements plus the total point value, and reached a total point value of each position. The result is a quantitative analysis of each job point value derived. Point value method is clearly the most widely used job evaluation method.

1. Factors into account point method steps
1) determine the family to evaluate the level
Because of very different jobs in different departments do not normally use a point value assessment program to evaluate the organization of all positions. So Step 1 is usually divided into functional families, such as administrative positions, sales positions, etc., for each job family, the Committee generally to develop a program.
2) to collect job information
Including job analysis, job description and job description development
3) Select the remuneration elements
Select the compensation elements, such as education, health needs or technology (usually a different level has different rewards ethnic elements).
4) define the elements of remuneration
Carefully define each element of remuneration to ensure that evaluation committee members when in the application of these elements is consistent. The following table gives some examples of definitions. Usually made by the human resources experts to define.
5) determine the factor levels
Determine the level of each factor, the evaluator can assess the elements of each job level or the number of elements. Therefore, the "complexity" factor, you might be divided into from the "repetitive action" to "creative action" these grades. The level of each factor, including no more than 5 to 6, the actual level depends on the number of evaluators in the evaluation of needs. Therefore, if all employees not in the quiet, air-conditioned office, is noisy, hot shop work, then the "working conditions" may simply be divided into two elements. Not every element are subject to the same level number, level number should be limited to clearly distinguish between the level of the post.
6) to determine the relative value of elements
This step is required to determine the weight of each element. This step is important, because for different jobs, some elements more important than other factors. Therefore, administrative staff, the "psychological needs" an important factor is much higher than the right to "physical requirements"; the positions of the workshop, it is likely the opposite.
Therefore, the next step is to determine fairly the value of each element, or "weight." This is usually accomplished by the Evaluation Committee. Evaluation Committee examine the definition of elements and their hierarchy, and then decided that each job family in the weights of the elements. One Method is given below:
Elements of the sequence assignment 100% of the maximum, and then the first element of the relative importance of the second highest percentage of sequence elements determining the assignment, and so on. For example:
100% of decision-making
85% solution
Knowledge 60%
The sum of the assignment (in this ratio: 100% +85% +60% = 245 percent). Then the following method to 245% into 100% value:
Decision 100 梅 245 = 40.8%
Solve the problem 85 梅 245 = 34.7%
Knowledge of 60 梅 245 = 24.5%
7) determine the elements and the elements of grade point value
Step 6 has been identified in various elements of the weight percentage of the form, it is shown in the following table to determine the point value of each element. For example, suppose the total project value of 500 points, while the "decision-making" elements of the weighting for 40.8%, so it's point value is 40.8% 脳 500 = 204.
Next is the 204 point in the "decision-making" elements of the internal distribution. This means that the highest level of decision-making capacity of the point value of 204. Then determine the maximum element of arithmetic form factor, etc., etc., and the lowest point value. For example, the use of grade number 5, except 204, tolerance is 40.8. So the minimum value of 41 points, etc.; second-82, and so on, the last first-class that is the highest point value such as 204. Each element can be similar to the deal.



8) the preparation of job evaluation guide
Point value of a jobs program for the last step is the preparation of "points value guide" or "job evaluation guide." This step is to set the elements and levels, point values compiled into a user-friendly guide.
9) Post column, etc.
Once the preparation of a good manual, you can begin evaluation of the actual position. Reviewers (usually Job Evaluation Committee), commonly used job evaluation manual jobs out, etc.. Each position are based on their job description and job description, according to the compensation factors are evaluated to determine its point value. First Evaluation Committee to decide how to factor in the grading of all positions. And then determine the corresponding point value, etc.. Finally, the point value of all elements of sum, gets the job total point value. Assessment are usually the first evaluation of key positions, consensus evaluation of the post after the rest of the tribe's position.
2. "Simplified" factors into account point method
Point value system to establish the post was clearly a time-consuming process. Therefore, many organizations developed a standard point value plan, and has been used by thousands of organizations use or adaptation. The program includes a number of established positions and levels of remuneration elements of the definition and the point value, and when used without or almost without amendment. A survey of U.S. companies shows that: 90% of the surveyed companies successfully use the ready-made point value assessment program.
3, factor into account the advantages and disadvantages point method
Factors into account point method has its advantages: it is an easy interpretation and evaluation of quantitative evaluation techniques; but on the other hand, a point value evaluation program is difficult, which is why many organizations ready to take the reasons for the program. In fact, this ready-made program for the reliability of job evaluation to some extent still problematic.







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The "Page Setup" Come Right menu

We usually use Word 2000/2002 edit, print, lesson plans or papers, we often use the "Page Setup" command. The most common methods of operation are: implementation of the "File 鈫?Page Setup" menu command. In fact, we can be, "Page Setup" into the Word context menu, so the operation can give us great convenience.

First, open the Word 2000/2002, the implementation of the "Tools 鈫?Customize" menu command, in the pop-up "Customize" dialog box, click the "Toolbar" tab, under which the drop-down list box, select " shortcut menu "option. At this point, the screen will be a "shortcut menu" toolbar, then click the "Order" tab, in the "Category" drop-down list box, select "File" item, click "order" drop-down list box The "Page Setup", the use of the left mouse button to "Page Setup" option drag to "shortcut menu" toolbar [text] button. At this time, there will be "writing" drop-down menu, and continue to drag the "Page Setup" to "Text" sub menu "Font" command on the Fanghou Song open the left mouse button, and then click "Customize" dialog box [Close] button to exit the setup.

So far, we have the "Page Setup" into the Word context menu, as long as the Word text editor right-click the shortcut menu will pop up to see "Fonts" above "Page Setup" command, and is is not very convenient for you?








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How to make VB do not echo in the text box

In the application, and sometimes require the user to input a number of inappropriate content directly on the screen display, such as user passwords or confidential data. We have known that in Foxbase / Foxpro in this function can SETCONSOLEOFF command to turn off the screen echo to achieve. So, VisualBasicforWin-dows in how to do this?

An easy way to think of is to use a text box Key-Press event, but in order to handle user text editor (such as delete, insert), then other variables are also stored the contents of the real input, and must write a large number of complex control program. Practice shows that the method is relatively complicated, inconvenient to use.

I found in programming with VB, Windows text box to respond to many messages, then it possible to use WindowsAPI function sendmessage messaging control features to the text box? If feasible, you can make a password form of the output target messaging to the text box, no can not echo the text create a text box yet?

The answer is yes. I use these ideas to achieve this functionality. The following is the procedure used in some API functions and related information:

getfocus (): get the input focus back to target handle;

getwindowlong (): get the specified goals, the second argument will be returned when the target for the GWL_STYLE "style" attribute;

setwindowlong (): the new property value given the specified target. The function of three parameters were targeted handle, property type, new attribute values;

sendmessage (): send a message to the target. The function of the four parameters are objective handles receiving messages, message, message parameter a, the message parameter b;

GWL_STYLE (program for short STYLE): its value is -16, said the goal of "style";

ES_PASSWORD (abbreviated program PASS) abbreviated as PASS): The value of & H20, that goal has entered the password attribute, that entry without echo;

EM_SETPASSWORDCHAR (program for short PASSCHAR): its value & H41C, that pass the password feature. Transfer to the target with this message sendmessage successful, the target will be its own output to specify the password given in the form.

The following procedures, by sendmessage function to modify the text box Text1 "style" attribute to specify the password to the form of output --- no matter what the content of user input, all with the same number of "*" to display. Users can single "Command1" button to display the actual contents of Text1.Text.

DeclareFunctiongetfocusLib "user" () AsInteger
DeclareFunctiongetwindowlongLib "user" (ByVal handAsInteger, ByVal indexAsInte-ger) AsLong
DeclareFunctionsetwindowlongLib "user" (ByVal handAsInteger, ByVal indexAsInte-ger, ByVal newflagAsLong) AsLong
DeclareFunctionsendmessageLib "user" (ByVal handAsInteger, ByVal msg As Integer, ByVal wparaAsInteger, ByVallparaAsLong) AsLong
ConstSTYLE =- 16
ConstPASS = & H20

ConstPASSCHAR = & H41C

SubCommand1_Click ()
MsgBoxtext1.Text
EndSub
SubCommand2_Click ()
End
EndSub
SubForm_Load ()
Show
text1.SetFocus
hand% = getfocus ()
flag & = getwindowlong (hand%, STYLE) OrPASS
flag & = setwindowlong (hand%, STYLE, flag &)
flag & = sendmessage (hand%, PASS-CHAR, Asc ("*"), 0 &)







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Order doors: the most feared Dell

Recently, Dell's official website a display of ultra-low prices led to panic buying. Because of its original 8,999 yuan wrong standard Dell LCD monitor into 2515 yuan. In response, Dell adopted an evasive attitude first, then decide if the site is under the single-user, Dell shipped the wrong quote, as the actual price, and the error in the system the part of the orders generated during the normal order processing, Dell Therefore, the company will bear the losses caused. This, insiders think that Dell is a good idea, and take the association with previous orders door event was compared; some industry speculation that Dell is a bold move is the self-hype of a successful public relations behavior. In fact, whether intentional or failure of Dell, I believe that, in this order the door incident, Dell's most frightening is the order of the system.

I assume that the order Dell Dell gate events act intentionally, then the key to the success of this public relations Dell's online order system. That Dell's order system to real-time monitoring of orders, particularly those under the single-order quantity. Because the final decision of a single item number of the input costs of this public relations. Here, there are 800 people in the trade orders according to Dell, the calculated loss orders door (or is the public relations of the input), this author believes that this method relatively one-sided because the 800 orders, does not mean Order product quantity is 800 units, because they do not rule out some of the more than under the single-user order a product. In my opinion, if there is no exact statistics of the number of ordered product platform, it is difficult to order out the door incident Dell, Dell how public relations for this loss or how much money invested. I care about here is that if the door incident Dell Dell order intentionally, then Dell would have the world's best on-line orders may be analysis system. The reason why say this is because Dell's first system to define the final products by users Number of units ordered, or to set a final price of the total (that is the ultimate public relations fees), when any one of the set point so, order the system will terminate the tender to develop the wrong order, and return to the right before the quote. In addition, the system also should be able to order real-time analysis of the current stock of this product, and this transfer time and goods produced in the process of component costs arising because of time changes, and many other factors. Here, I believe that if this order is Dell intentionally door event, then the credibility of its indirect association blow its own brand image improvement and may be the market value of publicity (including print media and web media and television media coverage) is still followed, but also fear of association and other competitors should be the order of the system, this may be present in the PC industry, Dell in addition to its efficient supply chain management remains the industry's highest profit of another magic weapon, of course, I guess the only, perhaps no one can really figure out the order of Dell's system where the essence.



Dell's supply chain, the overall model, but the real essence of it where?

Another possibility is, of course, their online order system is found to have problems, which occur frequently quoting errors for the Dell should not be a good sign. This at least shows that Dell's order system and its competitors, the order system no different. From this point of view, I hope that Dell's current order to the door incident was intentional. In this sense, Dell's current order door event we should pay attention to analysis of Dell's online order system, because this is the decision of Dell and its competitors, competitive advantage is one important reason for fear.







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